A federal district court dismissed an action against an employer alleging vicarious liability for an employee’s dissemination of a patient’s protected health information (PHI) related to treatment for a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Specifically, the court found that the employer, a private New York medical clinic, was not vicariously liable for the actions of the employee because the employee was acting in a personal capacity which was beyond the scope of her employment.

On January 19, 2012, Minnesota Attorney General Lori Swanson exercised her authority under the HITECH Act by filing a lawsuit against a business associate for the failure to protect protected health information (PHI) and for the failure to disclose the extent to which PHI was utilized. The case alleges that Accretive Health, Inc., a debt collection agency, lost a laptop containing unencrypted PHI of approximately 23,500 Minnesota patients. This represents one of the first cases brought by a state attorney general under HIPAA. 

On November 8, 2011, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office for Civil Rights (OCR) announced details of its HIPAA Privacy and Security Audit Program. The OCR pilot program calls for approximately 150 audits of covered entities, which audits are intended to address privacy and security compliance, and assist OCR in assessing and identifying best practices as well as risks and vulnerabilities for health care entities. Although the pilot program is expected to immediately impact a small number of covered entities, it appears that OCR is increasing its efforts to enforce HIPAA and the HITECH Act.

Rite Aid has agreed to pay $1 million to resolve allegations that it violated the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (“HIPAA”) by pitching pill bottles and prescription information into publicly accessible dumpsters near Rite Aid stores. According to HHS’ resolution agreement, released on July 27, Rite Aid must implement a three-year corrective action program, which includes the adoption of revised policies and procedures concerning the disposal of sensitive health-related information, employee training programs and procedures and penalties for employees that fail to comply with them. Rite Aid also entered into a separate, but related settlement with the FTC to resolve allegations that the company failed to live up to promises made in its privacy policy.

Last week, the Connecticut Attorney General became the first state attorney general to enter into a settlement agreement for HIPAA violations, as a result of the new authority granted to attorneys general under the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH Act).

On August 24 and 25, 2009, the Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) and the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”), respectively published rules on when and how covered entities regulated by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”) and vendors of personal health records (“PHR”) must notify

On July 15, 2008, the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (“HHS”) entered into its first Resolution Agreement with a HIPAA-covered entity to settle alleged violations of the privacy and security regulations promulgated under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”). Pursuant to the Resolution Agreement, a Seattle-based not-for-profit health system, Providence Health & Services and certain of its divisions (“Providence”), paid $100,000 to HHS and entered into a Corrective Action Plan with the government. HHS advised that Providence’s cooperation in the investigation helped it avoid a “civil monetary penalty.” Providence has been released from further civil fines to HHS arising out of the particular activities at issue in this matter, provided that Providence complies with the terms of the three-year Corrective Action Plan. The Resolution Agreement did not release Providence from any potential criminal liability.

Prior to this Resolution Agreement, HHS had not imposed any fines on any HIPAA-covered entities. In the more than five years that have passed since the compliance deadline for the HIPAA privacy regulations, HHS has received close to 40,000 complaints of violations, the majority of which were not eligible for enforcement. Of those where a violation was identified, HHS had previously resolved such cases by requiring changes in privacy practices and other corrective actions without entering into any formal settlement agreements or imposing any fines.